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The women who digitized history through technology

fernando

5 de March de 2021

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[vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]Women have played a vital role in the advancement of technology and computing. Women who work behind the scenes deserve our attention and recognition. And not because they ask for it, no. But because they are role models for many girls and women who can follow in their footsteps on equal terms, and so that everyone knows that gender doesn’t matter when it comes to working and contributing knowledge to the world.

Today, March 8th, International Women’s Day, at Vintegris we want to pay our small tribute to the pioneers of the sector so that, just as they have already served as an inspiration to girls, they will continue to do so for future generations. These are some of the women who broke barriers and marked a milestone in technology.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_custom_heading text=”Ada King Lovelace, The Pioneer” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%230069b4″ google_fonts=”font_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:300%20light%20regular%3A300%3Anormal”][vc_column_text]Ada Lovelace Chalon

This British countess, born in 1815, was the first person to define a general-purpose programming language , interpreting the ideas of Charles Babbage, Cambridge mathematics professor and the father of computers. Lovelace defined concepts such as loops and subroutines and pioneered the use of punched cards to program a machine created by the English mathematician.[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”Williamina Fleming, Harvard Computer Creator” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%230069b4″ google_fonts=”font_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:300%20light%20regular%3A300%3Anormal”][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]

Williamina_Paton_Stevens_FleminG

In the late 19th century, the men at Harvard University’s Observatory were busy gazing at the sky, gathering data on the planets. No one was organizing the vast amount of information being collected. The head of the Observatory, Edward Pickering, needed someone to undertake this task. A modest, single mother of Scottish descent with no formal higher education was chosen. This is how Willemina Fleming created the Harvard Computer Group , a group of women who classified more than 10,000 stars . She later became a renowned astronomer.[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”The first programmers: the women of ENIAC” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%230069b4″ google_fonts=”font_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:300%20light%20regular%3A300%3Anormal”][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]

ENIAC Programmers

In 1946, six mathematicians were tasked with programming what would become the first electronic computer developed by the United States government , the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC). It weighed 27 tons, occupied 167 square meters, had more than 17,000 vacuum tubes, and could perform 300 multiplications and 5,000 additions per second. It was created to calculate ballistic trajectories, and the mathematicians’ role was to write the programs in binary code. Performing the various operations involved constantly connecting and disconnecting cables.[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”Grace Hopper, the mother of computing and the creator of the term error” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%230069b4″ google_fonts=”font_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:300%20light%20regular%3A300%3Anormal”][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]

Grace Hopper

Ms. Hopper, who also came from the Army and became an Honorary Admiral in the U.S. Navy, was one of the programmers of the first large-scale computer, the Mark I. She developed COBOL. She coined the term “bug” by sliding a butterfly needle into the circuits, causing runtime errors. She also applied her computer skills to private companies, creating UNIVAC I, the first business-oriented computer. Her best-known contribution, the compiler language, translates instructions from English into the machine’s internal language. Hopper said she “created it out of laziness and pretending the programmer was more mathematical.” She died in 1992.[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”Karen Spärck Jones, creator of the natural language on which current search engines are based” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%230069b4″ google_fonts=”font_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:300%20light%20regular%3A300%3Anormal”][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]

Karen Spärck Jones

The search engines we use daily are based on the discoveries about natural language made by this British scientist. Karen Spärck Jones was recruited to do research at Cambridge by another woman, the computational linguist Margaret Masterman. Both from the Language Research Unit, in the late 1950s, they worked on developing a thesaurus for language processing . Spärck Jones’s research has always been highly valued by the scientific community, but it became even more so with the advent of the internet.[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”Mary Allen Wilkes, the woman who brought computing into our homes” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%230069b4″ google_fonts=”font_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:300%20light%20regular%3A300%3Anormal”][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]

Mary Allen Wilkes

Born in 1937, Wilkes always wanted to be a lawyer, but her parents wouldn’t allow it. She ended up graduating with a degree in philosophy and working in programming. She pioneered the design of the LAP6 operating system based on the MIT Laboratory Instrument Computer (LINC).). In 1964, her work group moved from Boston to St. Louis, Missouri. She didn’t want to work there because her mother was ill. The solution was to install the refrigerator-sized LINC at home so it could operate; all it needed was a phone line. She was the first person to use a personal computer at home and, in a way, a pioneer of teleworking. Incidentally, Mary Allen Wilkes went on to practice law. [/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”Joan Ball, the driving force behind online dating” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%230069b4″ google_fonts=”font_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:300%20light%20regular%3A300%3Anormal”][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]

Joan Ball

Match, the Harvard student project, wasn’t the world’s first digital dating system. In 1964, Englishwoman Joan Ball created the precursor to today’s Tinder. Ball worked at a matchmaking agency. Recognizing the growing importance of computers, she designed a punch card system that identified the attributes the agency’s clients didn’t want in their potential partners . The computer cross-referenced the information, and users received the name and address of their prospective match.[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”Adele Goldberg, inspiration for Apple desktop computers” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%230069b4″ google_fonts=”font_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:300%20light%20regular%3A300%3Anormal”][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]

Adele Goldberg

Goldberg, a mathematician, was a researcher at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) in the mid-1970s. She was the only woman on the team developing the Smalltalk programming language , which was intended to surpass Windows as a graphical user interface (GUI). In a recent interview, Goldberg revealed that her superiors at Xerox pressured her to demonstrate Smalltalk and the interface to a young Steve Jobs and his team who visited PARC in 1979. From the start, she said it seemed like a bad idea. Jobs himself acknowledged that the technology Goldberg had worked on had “blown him away” and that it would be key to the future of computing and Apple. Perhaps without Adele’s work, the Apple desktop wouldn’t have its current appearance.[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”Margaret Hamilton developed the navigation software for the Apollo Space Program.” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%230069b4″ google_fonts=”font_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:300%20light%20regular%3A300%3Anormal”][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]

Margaret Hamilton

Margaret Hamilton is a computer scientist, mathematician, and systems engineer. She was director of the Software Engineering Division at the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, where she and her team developed the She developed onboard navigation software for the Apollo Space Program . In 1986, she became the founder and CEO of Hamilton Technologies, Inc. in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The company grew around a universal systems language based on her “development before the fact” (DBTF) paradigm for software systems design. She coined the term “software engineering” to distinguish it from hardware and other engineering work. Although her idea was not well received at first, software eventually gained the same respect as other disciplines.[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”Evelyn Berezin promotes word processors and the first airline ticket reservation system.” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%230069b4″ google_fonts=”font_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:300%20light%20regular%3A300%3Anormal”][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]

Evelyn Berezin

Evelyn Berezin was an American computer engineer. She developed the first airline ticket reservation system for United Airlines . She is also known as the mother of word processors, as in 1968 she developed the idea for a program that allowed users to store and edit text.[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”Shirley Ann Jackson, the first African American woman to earn a doctorate from MIT. She developed the fax machine, tone dialing, fiber optics…” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%230069b4″ google_fonts=”font_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:300%20light%20regular%3A300%3Anormal”][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]

Shirley Ann Jackson

Shirley Ann Jackson is an American physicist and the eighteenth president of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. She received her Ph.D. in nuclear physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1973, becoming the first African American woman to earn a doctorate from MIT . She is also the second African American woman in the United States to earn a doctorate in physics.[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”Radia Perlman, the mother of the internet” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%230069b4″ google_fonts=”font_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:300%20light%20regular%3A300%3Anormal”][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]

Radia_Perlman

Born in 1951, Radia Perlman created the algorithm behind the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) , a crucial part of the underlying infrastructure of the internet. Despite this, she insists that “the internet wasn’t invented by any one individual.” She currently works for Dell EMC in Seattle, USA, and previously worked for Intel, where she obtained more than 47 patents.[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”Megan Smith, promoting net neutrality” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%230069b4″ google_fonts=”font_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:300%20light%20regular%3A300%3Anormal”][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]

Megan_Smith

Megan Smith, born in 1965, went from being Google’s vice president to the U.S. government’s chief technology officer in 2014 during the Obama administration. For her new role, she received a Dell laptop and a Blackberry… and $70 billion for public funding of science and technology. Among her achievements: advising Barack Obama on achieving net neutrality in 2015, based on the principle of equality for all users , and defining internet access as a “public good.”[/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”Frances E. Allen, the first Turing Award winner, was a specialist in improving the performance of computer programs.” font_container=”tag:h4|text_align:center|color:%230069b4″ google_fonts=”font_family:Open%20Sans%3A300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic|font_style:300%20light%20regular%3A300%3Anormal”][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]

Frances E. Allen

American mathematician and computer scientist, she was a pioneer in software development and the creation of high-performance computer systems , particularly excelling in the creation of compiler programs, which transform a program’s source code into its equivalent in another, generally lower-level, programming language. Allen spent most of her career at IBM, where she worked for 45 years, holding important positions in the R&D department. In 2006, she received the A.M. Turing Award, becoming the first woman to receive this prize awarded by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM ), which since 1966 has recognized outstanding achievements in computer science and is often referred to as the “Nobel Prize” of computing. The award was given to her for “her pioneering contributions to the theory and practice of compilation optimization techniques that laid the foundation for modern compiler optimization and parallel automatic execution.” [/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column_text]Today, more girls than ever are in school, but they don’t always have the same opportunities as boys to complete and benefit from their chosen education. Too many girls and women are held back by prejudice, societal norms, and expectations that influence the quality of education they receive and the subjects they study. They are particularly underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education and, consequently, in STEM careers. In a changing business environment, and despite women’s full integration into the workforce, it’s worth asking why there are still so few women in management and executive positions in technology companies. Promoting opportunities and fighting for equality will be key to reversing this situation.

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